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Recent changes to Freedom Circle pages

13 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Army, Standing	A permanently established army of paid or conscripted soldiers and other military personnel
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions
			Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Individual:	Bush, George W.	Forty-third president of the United States
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions

	Place:	Carolina, North	The Tarheel State - ratified Constitution 21 Nov 1789
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 7.59, rank: 7

	Place:	Florida	The Sunshine State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 7.64, rank: 6

	Topic:	Foreign entanglements	Unnecessary involvement with other nations
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions

	Place:	Georgia	The Peach State - ratified Constitution 2 Jan 1788
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 7.56, rank: 8

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Articles	Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Group:	Grove City College	Teaches and advocates free market economic theory
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions

	Individual:	Jefferson, Thomas	Author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions

	Individual:	Lincoln, Abraham	Sixteenth president of the United States
		Articles	The Latest Defamation of Jefferson Criticizes a conference titled "Mr. Jefferson Goes to the Middle East", thus implying that George W. Bush is somehow Jeffersonian, by contrasting Jefferson and Lincoln's (and by extension Bush's) policies and actions

	Individual:	Raico, Ralph	American professor of history
		Writings	Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Individual:	Say, Jean-Baptiste	18th-19th century French economist
		Articles	Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Topic:	State, The	The group of people that, having effective control over a government, benefit the most from the exercise of its power
		Articles	Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Topic:	Taxation	Compulsory contributions demanded by governments from individuals and other entities
		Articles	Liberalism, Marxism, and the State Examines the writings about the state by the French founders and contributors to the early 19th century journal Le Censeur, compares them to Karl Marx (who they influenced), as well as some 1990 comments by Václav Havel

	Place:	Tennessee	The Volunteer State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 8.30, rank: 2

	Place:	Texas	The Lone Star State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 8.15, rank: 4

12 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Army, Standing	A permanently established army of paid or conscripted soldiers and other military personnel
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state
			The Bill of Rights: Antipathy to Militarism After quoting the text of the Third Amendment, discusses standing armies in the historical context and in modern times

	Place:	Carolina, South	The Palmetto State - ratified Constitution 23 May 1788
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 6.84, rank 21

	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	The Bill of Rights: Antipathy to Militarism After quoting the text of the Third Amendment, discusses standing armies in the historical context and in modern times

	Place:	Dakota, South	The Mount Rushmore State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 8.18, rank: 3

	Topic:	Democracy	Form of government where the power is exercised directly or indirectly by a majority of the citizens
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state
			The Bill of Rights: Antipathy to Militarism After quoting the text of the Third Amendment, discusses standing armies in the historical context and in modern times

	Individual:	Henry, Patrick	American revolutionary figure, famous for "Give me liberty or give me death" speech
		Articles	The Bill of Rights: Antipathy to Militarism After quoting the text of the Third Amendment, discusses standing armies in the historical context and in modern times

	Place:	Idaho	The Gem State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 7.89, rank 5

	Individual:	McElroy, Wendy	Author, individualist feminist
		Writings	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state

	Topic:	Military Industrial Complex	The U.S. military "establishment": the armed forces and the companies and politicians that depend on them
		Articles	The Bill of Rights: Antipathy to Militarism After quoting the text of the Third Amendment, discusses standing armies in the historical context and in modern times

	Place:	New Hampshire	Motto: Live Free or Die - ratified Constitution 21 Jun 1788
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 8.34, rank: 1

	Place:	Oklahoma	The Sooner State
		Measures of Freedom	Economic Freedom Summary 2023 subnational level score: 7.49, rank 11

	Work:	Resistance to Civil Government	Essay by Thoreau, retitled posthumously as "Civil Disobedience", in which he argued that individuals have a duty to resist government-imposed injustice
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state

	Individual:	Thoreau, Henry David	Trascendentalist philosopher, author and abolitionist, noted for the essay "Resistance to Civil Government"
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state

	Topic:	Vietnam War	Conflict during 1954-1975 between South and North Vietnam, with increasing United States involvement
		Articles	A Cold Draft: Will Bush Bring Back the Draft? Reminiscing about Vietnam War draft dodger "wanted" posters from his childhood, considers whether a Nov 2003 Pentagon call for staffing Selective Service System boards is a precursor to a renewed forced conscription regime

	Topic:	War	Armed conflict between nations: "The Health of the State"
		Articles	Henry David Thoreau and "Civil Disobedience," Part 2 Examines several of the initial themes in Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience", including government injustice, the individual as the source of power and authority, war and the military and the reasons why people obey the state
		Reviews	A Cold Draft: Will Bush Bring Back the Draft? Reminiscing about Vietnam War draft dodger "wanted" posters from his childhood, considers whether a Nov 2003 Pentagon call for staffing Selective Service System boards is a precursor to a renewed forced conscription regime

11 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Army, Standing	A permanently established army of paid or conscripted soldiers and other military personnel
		Reference	United States Declaration of Independence
		Articles	Madison Debates: June 29 Record of the Constitutional Convention debates, as reported by Madison, including comments from Elbridge Gerry, Alexander Hamilton, William Samuel Johnson, Madison, Luther Martin and others

	Source:	Coming Slavery, The

	Individual:	Crane, Ed	Co-founder and former President of the Cato Institute

	Individual:	Madison, James	Author of Federalist essays, fourth president of the United States
		Writings	Madison Debates: June 29 Record of the Constitutional Convention debates, as reported by Madison, including comments from Elbridge Gerry, Alexander Hamilton, William Samuel Johnson, Madison, Luther Martin and others

10 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Individual:	Jefferson, Thomas	Author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States
		Articles	James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Topic:	Law, Rule of	Legal environment where cases are handled in a non-arbitrary manner
		Articles	Rule of Law Damaged by Schiavo Bill Discusses the implications of the hurried legislation, which became known as the Palm Sunday Compromise, to allow the parents of Terri Schiavo to have federal courts another look at her case, after state courts had ruled against them

	Individual:	Madison, James	Author of Federalist essays, fourth president of the United States
		Articles	James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Topic:	Powers, Enumerated	Constitutional doctrine of limiting the Federal Government to explicitly granted powers
		Articles	James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Topic:	Powers, Reserved	Legal powers which can be exercised by state governments or by individuals
		Articles	Rule of Law Damaged by Schiavo Bill Discusses the implications of the hurried legislation, which became known as the Palm Sunday Compromise, to allow the parents of Terri Schiavo to have federal courts another look at her case, after state courts had ruled against them
			James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Group:	Republican Party	Political party in the United States, generally tending to conservative policies
		Articles	Rule of Law Damaged by Schiavo Bill Discusses the implications of the hurried legislation, which became known as the Palm Sunday Compromise, to allow the parents of Terri Schiavo to have federal courts another look at her case, after state courts had ruled against them

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Rule of Law Damaged by Schiavo Bill Discusses the implications of the hurried legislation, which became known as the Palm Sunday Compromise, to allow the parents of Terri Schiavo to have federal courts another look at her case, after state courts had ruled against them
			James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

	Topic:	Taxation	Compulsory contributions demanded by governments from individuals and other entities
		Articles	James Madison: Father of the Implied-Powers Doctrine Examines whether James Madison intended the U.S. federal government to have "expressly delegated" powers vs. "powers by implication"

9 Feb 2026
	Place:	California	The Golden State
		Articles	Orchestrating Energy Disaster Discusses the problems in California's electric power industry, deriding comments by Paul Krugman and columnist Robert Scheer that the problems were due to "deregulation", and emphasizing the benefits of federalism

	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	Penumbras, Emanations, and Stuff Examines how Federal employees avoid mentioning the Tenth Amendendment to the U.S. Constitution, and how politicians instead search for implied powers in order to expand their authority

	Topic:	Deregulation	Elimination of laws and rules imposed on an industry
		Articles	Orchestrating Energy Disaster Discusses the problems in California's electric power industry, deriding comments by Paul Krugman and columnist Robert Scheer that the problems were due to "deregulation", and emphasizing the benefits of federalism

	Topic:	Electric Power	The production and distribution of electricity
		Articles	Orchestrating Energy Disaster Discusses the problems in California's electric power industry, deriding comments by Paul Krugman and columnist Robert Scheer that the problems were due to "deregulation", and emphasizing the benefits of federalism

	Topic:	Powers, Reserved	Legal powers which can be exercised by state governments or by individuals
		Articles	Orchestrating Energy Disaster Discusses the problems in California's electric power industry, deriding comments by Paul Krugman and columnist Robert Scheer that the problems were due to "deregulation", and emphasizing the benefits of federalism
			Penumbras, Emanations, and Stuff Examines how Federal employees avoid mentioning the Tenth Amendendment to the U.S. Constitution, and how politicians instead search for implied powers in order to expand their authority

	Individual:	Sobran, Joseph	Nationally syndicated columnist, past Senior Editor for National Review
		Writings	Penumbras, Emanations, and Stuff Examines how Federal employees avoid mentioning the Tenth Amendendment to the U.S. Constitution, and how politicians instead search for implied powers in order to expand their authority

	Individual:	Williams, Walter E.	Professor of Economics, author, syndicated columnist
		Writings	Orchestrating Energy Disaster Discusses the problems in California's electric power industry, deriding comments by Paul Krugman and columnist Robert Scheer that the problems were due to "deregulation", and emphasizing the benefits of federalism

6 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Bill of Rights, United States	First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Individual:	Henry, Patrick	American revolutionary figure, famous for "Give me liberty or give me death" speech
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Individual:	Madison, James	Author of Federalist essays, fourth president of the United States
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Marriage	Formalized consensual and contractual relationships between individuals
		Articles	Gay Marriage Quicksand Comments on the George W. Bush announcement that he endorses a constitutional amendment "defining and protecting marriage as a union of a man and woman as husband and wife"

	Individual:	Paul, Ron	Texas Republican Congressman, 1988 Libertarian Presidential candidate, 2008 Republican Presidential prospective candidate
		Writings	Gay Marriage Quicksand Comments on the George W. Bush announcement that he endorses a constitutional amendment "defining and protecting marriage as a union of a man and woman as husband and wife"

	Topic:	Powers, Reserved	Legal powers which can be exercised by state governments or by individuals
		Web Pages	The Tenth Amendment: Reserving Power for the States Includes the text of amendment, explanation of what it covers, its historical background and overviews of relevant Supreme Court cases
		Articles	Gay Marriage Quicksand Comments on the George W. Bush announcement that he endorses a constitutional amendment "defining and protecting marriage as a union of a man and woman as husband and wife"
			The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Rights	Powers and privileges one may properly claim as due
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Rights, Unenumerated	Legal rights not explicitly listed in a constitution, bill of rights or similar document

	Place:	Virginia	The Old Dominion - ratified Constitution 23 Jun 1788
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Voting	Selecting those who will govern by casting ballots
		Articles	The Constitution Within Questions the validity of constitutions by relating how James Madison behaved during the debates over the U.S. document and later after his introduction in the first Congress of the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights

5 Feb 2026
	Individual:	Barnett, Randy	Professor of law at Boston University
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions
		Books Authored	The Rights Retained by the People: The History and Meaning of the Ninth Amendment Partial contents: "Higher law" Background of American Constitutional Law - Forgotten Ninth Amendment - Are There "Certain rights ... retained by the people"? - Natural Rights and the Ninth Amendment - History and Meaning of the Ninth Amendment
			The Rights Retained by the People: The Ninth Amendment and Constitutional Interpretation, Volume II Partial contents: Ninth Amendment: Inkblot or Another Hard Nut to Crack? - Reasons, Rhetoric, and the Ninth Amendment - The Problems of Constitutional Interpretation - Righting an Unwritten Constitution - The Natural Rights Basis of the Ninth Amendment

	Group:	Cato Institute	Libertarian public policy research and advocacy foundation in Washington, DC
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Individual:	Epstein, Richard	Professor of law at the University of Chicago
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Group:	Humane Studies, Institute for	Educational nonprofit founded by F. A. Harper, assists graduate and undergraduate students interested in individual liberty
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Topic:	Libertarianism	Political philosophy that advocates freedom of action and thought for every human
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Individual:	Nozick, Robert	Professor of philosophy, author of Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974)
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Topic:	Powers, Enumerated	Constitutional doctrine of limiting the Federal Government to explicitly granted powers
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Topic:	Rights	Powers and privileges one may properly claim as due
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions

	Topic:	Rights, Unenumerated	Legal rights not explicitly listed in a constitution, bill of rights or similar document
		Articles	On the Origins of the Modern Libertarian Legal Movement Historical survey of libertarian influences on constitutional and other areas of law, from the mid-1970s to recent decisions
		Books	The Rights Retained by the People: The History and Meaning of the Ninth Amendment Partial contents: "Higher law" Background of American Constitutional Law - Forgotten Ninth Amendment - Are There "Certain rights ... retained by the people"? - Natural Rights and the Ninth Amendment - History and Meaning of the Ninth Amendment
			The Rights Retained by the People: The Ninth Amendment and Constitutional Interpretation, Volume II Partial contents: Ninth Amendment: Inkblot or Another Hard Nut to Crack? - Reasons, Rhetoric, and the Ninth Amendment - The Problems of Constitutional Interpretation - Righting an Unwritten Constitution - The Natural Rights Basis of the Ninth Amendment

4 Feb 2026
	Topic:	Bill of Rights, United States	First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
		Articles	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

	Work:	Declaration of Independence, United States	The document that formed the United States of America
		Articles	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Articles	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

	Individual:	Hornberger, Jacob G.	President of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice

	Topic:	Rights, Unenumerated	Legal rights not explicitly listed in a constitution, bill of rights or similar document
		Articles	Do Our Rights Come from the Constitution? Dispels the myth that rights are granted to the people by the Constitution or the Bill of Rights

3 Feb 2026
	Individual:	Bush, George W.	Forty-third president of the United States
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	American Ideals Commentary on George W. Bush's presidency

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	Enhanced Pilates Chamber Commentary on "enhanced interrogation techniques" by various agencies during the George W. Bush administration
			American Ideals Commentary on George W. Bush's presidency

2 Feb 2026
	Place:	Iraq	Territory in southwest Asia, ruled since 2005 by the Jumhūriyyat Al-‘Irāq
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	A Nation of Laws Reproduces a translation of article 22 of the 1990 Iraqi Constitution, dealing with human rights

	Topic:	Law	Set of rules and guidelines intended to influence social behavior
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	A Nation of Laws Reproduces a translation of article 22 of the 1990 Iraqi Constitution, dealing with human rights

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	A Nation of Laws Reproduces a translation of article 22 of the 1990 Iraqi Constitution, dealing with human rights

30 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Attacks of 11 September 2001	Terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon
		Articles	Shssh! Don't Tell Americans How We Treat "Enemy Combatants" Comments on the cases of José Padilla, John Walker Lindh and other accused terrorists, and efforts by U.S. officials to prevent them from disclosing the treatment they received under military or CIA custody

	Individual:	Bush, George W.	Forty-third president of the United States
		Articles	Outsourcing Torture Discusses the case of Maher Arar, a Canadian and Syrian citizen sent by the Bush administration to Syria for interrogation and torture, due to erroneous information from Canadian law enforcement that he had (unproven) terrorist ties

	Place:	Canada	Territory in northern North America, ruled since 1982 by the Monarchy of Canada
		Articles	Outsourcing Torture Discusses the case of Maher Arar, a Canadian and Syrian citizen sent by the Bush administration to Syria for interrogation and torture, due to erroneous information from Canadian law enforcement that he had (unproven) terrorist ties

	Individual:	Hornberger, Jacob G.	President of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Shssh! Don't Tell Americans How We Treat "Enemy Combatants" Comments on the cases of José Padilla, John Walker Lindh and other accused terrorists, and efforts by U.S. officials to prevent them from disclosing the treatment they received under military or CIA custody

	Individual:	Obama, Barack	Forty-fourth president of the United States
		Articles	Obama Still Does a Good Imitation of Bush Considers President Obama's continuance of the torture policies of his predecessor, in spite of having supported legislation as a Senator that confirmed U.S. obligations under the United Nations Convention Against Torture

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Articles	Outsourcing Torture Discusses the case of Maher Arar, a Canadian and Syrian citizen sent by the Bush administration to Syria for interrogation and torture, due to erroneous information from Canadian law enforcement that he had (unproven) terrorist ties
			Shssh! Don't Tell Americans How We Treat "Enemy Combatants" Comments on the cases of José Padilla, John Walker Lindh and other accused terrorists, and efforts by U.S. officials to prevent them from disclosing the treatment they received under military or CIA custody
			Why Did They Torture Jose Padilla? Examines the Jose Padilla case in view of Alfred McCoy's A Question of Torture (2006)
			Obama Still Does a Good Imitation of Bush Considers President Obama's continuance of the torture policies of his predecessor, in spite of having supported legislation as a Senator that confirmed U.S. obligations under the United Nations Convention Against Torture

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Outsourcing Torture Discusses the case of Maher Arar, a Canadian and Syrian citizen sent by the Bush administration to Syria for interrogation and torture, due to erroneous information from Canadian law enforcement that he had (unproven) terrorist ties
			Obama Still Does a Good Imitation of Bush Considers President Obama's continuance of the torture policies of his predecessor, in spite of having supported legislation as a Senator that confirmed U.S. obligations under the United Nations Convention Against Torture

	Place:	Syria	Territory in southwest Asia, nominally ruled since 1961 by the al-Jumhūriyyah al-‘Arabīyah as-Sūriyyah
		Articles	Outsourcing Torture Discusses the case of Maher Arar, a Canadian and Syrian citizen sent by the Bush administration to Syria for interrogation and torture, due to erroneous information from Canadian law enforcement that he had (unproven) terrorist ties

29 Jan 2026
	Individual:	Bovard, James	Author, controversial Washington journalist
		Writings	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States

	Individual:	Bush, George W.	Forty-third president of the United States
		Articles	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States
			Happy Counterterrorism Day Recounts the history of Guy Fawkes and the Gunpowder Plot and proposes three lessons to be learned from it for the present age

	Place:	England	The southern part of the island of Great Britain
		Articles	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States

	Individual:	Founding Fathers	Leading individuals in founding of the United States
		Articles	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States

	Place:	London	Capital of Great Britain
		Articles	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States

	Individual:	Obama, Barack	Forty-fourth president of the United States
		Articles	Getting Away with Torture Discusses some of the responses to the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence report on the CIA's Detention and Interrogation Program, declassified in Dec 2014

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Articles	My Time in the Tower of London Relates a visit to the Tower of London and then compares the torture of centuries past in the Tower, as described in particular in Shakespeare's Richard III, with the 2006 legalization of similar practices in the United States
			Happy Counterterrorism Day Recounts the history of Guy Fawkes and the Gunpowder Plot and proposes three lessons to be learned from it for the present age
			Getting Away with Torture Discusses some of the responses to the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence report on the CIA's Detention and Interrogation Program, declassified in Dec 2014

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Getting Away with Torture Discusses some of the responses to the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence report on the CIA's Detention and Interrogation Program, declassified in Dec 2014

	Work:	V for Vendetta	2006 movie about a Fawkesian anarchist battling a police state in a near-future United Kingdom
		Articles	Happy Counterterrorism Day Recounts the history of Guy Fawkes and the Gunpowder Plot and proposes three lessons to be learned from it for the present age

	Individual:	Washington, George	First president of the United States
		Articles	Happy Counterterrorism Day Recounts the history of Guy Fawkes and the Gunpowder Plot and proposes three lessons to be learned from it for the present age

28 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Attacks of 11 September 2001	Terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon
		Articles	The Bush Torture Memos Examines how the Bush Justice Department and the Pentagon twisted legal interpretations to absolve themselves of charges of torture in dealing with "enemy combatants" in the "war on terror"

	Individual:	Bovard, James	Author, controversial Washington journalist
		Writings	The Bush Torture Memos Examines how the Bush Justice Department and the Pentagon twisted legal interpretations to absolve themselves of charges of torture in dealing with "enemy combatants" in the "war on terror"

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Book chapters	Punishment and Proportionality Examines past and current practices to develop a theory of just and proportional punishment; chapter 13, formerly published in Assessing the Criminal: Restitution, Retribution, and the Legal Process, Barnett and Hagel, eds. (1977)

	Topic:	Libertarianism	Political philosophy that advocates freedom of action and thought for every human
		Book chapters	Punishment and Proportionality Examines past and current practices to develop a theory of just and proportional punishment; chapter 13, formerly published in Assessing the Criminal: Restitution, Retribution, and the Legal Process, Barnett and Hagel, eds. (1977)

	Topic:	Militarism	A political system influenced greatly by a large, permanent military force
		Articles	The Bush Torture Memos Examines how the Bush Justice Department and the Pentagon twisted legal interpretations to absolve themselves of charges of torture in dealing with "enemy combatants" in the "war on terror"

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Articles	The Bush Torture Memos Examines how the Bush Justice Department and the Pentagon twisted legal interpretations to absolve themselves of charges of torture in dealing with "enemy combatants" in the "war on terror"
		Book chapters	Punishment and Proportionality Examines past and current practices to develop a theory of just and proportional punishment; chapter 13, formerly published in Assessing the Criminal: Restitution, Retribution, and the Legal Process, Barnett and Hagel, eds. (1977)

	Individual:	Rothbard, Murray N.	Economist of the Austrian School, author of Man, Economy, and State (1962) and For a New Liberty (1973)
		Book chapters	Punishment and Proportionality Examines past and current practices to develop a theory of just and proportional punishment; chapter 13, formerly published in Assessing the Criminal: Restitution, Retribution, and the Legal Process, Barnett and Hagel, eds. (1977)

27 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Humor	Comedy, wit, satire, sarcasm, irony, jokes, etc.
		Articles	The Confession Backfired Discusses world reaction to the "ridiculous" confession of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, admitting responsibility for "31 planned and actual attacks", and posits that the U.S. government has virtually nothing on the hundreds of detainees in Gitmo and elsewhere

	Topic:	Punishments, Cruel and unusual	Prohibition on the use of barbaric methods in the pursuit of justice
		Web Pages	Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Protections Against Cruel Punishments, Excessive Bail, and Excessive Fines Includes the text of amendment, explanation of what it covers, its historical background and overviews of relevant Supreme Court cases
		Articles	The Confession Backfired Discusses world reaction to the "ridiculous" confession of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, admitting responsibility for "31 planned and actual attacks", and posits that the U.S. government has virtually nothing on the hundreds of detainees in Gitmo and elsewhere

	Topic:	Terrorism	The systematic use of violence to attempt to achieve ideological goals
		Articles	The Confession Backfired Discusses world reaction to the "ridiculous" confession of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, admitting responsibility for "31 planned and actual attacks", and posits that the U.S. government has virtually nothing on the hundreds of detainees in Gitmo and elsewhere

26 Jan 2026
	Source:	Contents

	Group:	Democratic Party	Political party in the United States, originally for the election of Andrew Jackson, but later turning to progressive policies
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Topic:	Government, Limited	Restricting government to its proper functions, as defined by a constitution or similar agreements
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Individual:	Jefferson, Thomas	Author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States
		Websites	Monticello.org Owned and maintained by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, Inc. (a non-profit corporation) since 1923 and opened to the public a year later
		Web Pages	Brief Biography of Thomas Jefferson Sections: Who was Thomas Jefferson? - Jefferson's Early Life and Education - Monticello - Professional and Political Life - President of the United States (1801-1809) - Retirement - Death

	Group:	Libertarian Party	Political party founded to advocate for libertarian issues in the United States
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Group:	Liberty International	Formerly International Society for Individual Liberty, "advances world liberty for everyone through international education and networking"
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Individual:	Nolan, David	Co-founder of U.S. Libertarian Party, creator of political beliefs chart
		Writings	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Topic:	Politics	The practices of guiding, influencing or controlling government
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Group:	Republican Party	Political party in the United States, generally tending to conservative policies
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Place:	Switzerland	Territory in west central Europe, ruled since 1848 by the Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft - Confédération suisse - Confederazione Svizzera
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

	Topic:	Trial by jury	A criminal and civil trial presented and decided by a group of lay people

	Topic:	Voting	Selecting those who will govern by casting ballots
		Articles	The Case For a Libertarian Political Party A few months before founding the Libertarian Party, Nolan presents his rationale for establishing a new political party, after discussing four other libertarian activist strategies and admitting that "political approaches are inherently coercive"

23 Jan 2026
	Individual:	Founding Fathers	Leading individuals in founding of the United States
		Book chapters	An Independent Judiciary Lengthy biographical essay on Edward Coke; first chapter of section 9, "Protecting Liberty"

	Individual:	Hornberger, Jacob G.	President of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Pentagon Learns About the Sixth Amendment Discusses how the Supreme Court decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld affected the Pentagon handling of the case of Ali Saleh al-Marri, one of three "enemy combatants" (the other two being Yaser Hamdi and José Padilla)

	Individual:	Jefferson, Thomas	Author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States
		Writings	A Summary View of the Rights of British America Details, as a resolution to be adopted by a congress of deputies of the various states, complaints against the current and previous British kings and parliament, including laws or decrees limiting commerce, suspending state legislatures and many more

	Topic:	Law, Due process of	Unbiased judgements and procedural safeguards required to protect individuals being prosecuted
		Articles	Pentagon Learns About the Sixth Amendment Discusses how the Supreme Court decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld affected the Pentagon handling of the case of Ali Saleh al-Marri, one of three "enemy combatants" (the other two being Yaser Hamdi and José Padilla)

	Topic:	Property Rights	Rights of an owner to use and dispose of assets
		Articles	A Summary View of the Rights of British America Details, as a resolution to be adopted by a congress of deputies of the various states, complaints against the current and previous British kings and parliament, including laws or decrees limiting commerce, suspending state legislatures and many more

	Individual:	Spooner, Lysander	Lawyer, abolitionist, entrepreneur, legal theorist and political radical, author of No Treason
		Books Authored	An Essay on the Trial by Jury Partial contents: The Right of Juries to Judge the Justice of the Laws - The Trial by Jury, as Defined by Magna Carta - Additional Proofs of the Rights and Duties of Jurors - The Rights and Duties of Juries in Civil Suits - Objections Answered

	Topic:	Terrorism	The systematic use of violence to attempt to achieve ideological goals
		Articles	Pentagon Learns About the Sixth Amendment Discusses how the Supreme Court decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld affected the Pentagon handling of the case of Ali Saleh al-Marri, one of three "enemy combatants" (the other two being Yaser Hamdi and José Padilla)

	Topic:	Trade	Exchange of goods and services usually indirectly by the use of a widely accepted medium
		Articles	A Summary View of the Rights of British America Details, as a resolution to be adopted by a congress of deputies of the various states, complaints against the current and previous British kings and parliament, including laws or decrees limiting commerce, suspending state legislatures and many more

	Topic:	Trial by jury	A criminal and civil trial presented and decided by a group of lay people
		Articles	A Summary View of the Rights of British America Details, as a resolution to be adopted by a congress of deputies of the various states, complaints against the current and previous British kings and parliament, including laws or decrees limiting commerce, suspending state legislatures and many more
			Pentagon Learns About the Sixth Amendment Discusses how the Supreme Court decision in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld affected the Pentagon handling of the case of Ali Saleh al-Marri, one of three "enemy combatants" (the other two being Yaser Hamdi and José Padilla)
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	The Right to a Fair Trial Commentary on the "war on terrorism"
			The Scales of Justice Commentary on the use of military tribunals for "enemy combatants" in the "war on terrorism"
		Books	An Essay on the Trial by Jury Partial contents: The Right of Juries to Judge the Justice of the Laws - The Trial by Jury, as Defined by Magna Carta - Additional Proofs of the Rights and Duties of Jurors - The Rights and Duties of Juries in Civil Suits - Objections Answered

22 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Bill of Rights, United States	First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
		Articles	Fourth Circuit Moussaoui Ruling Is a Loss for the Constitution Discusses the rulings of a three-judge panel of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals on the case of Zacarias Moussaoui, with respect to compelling witnesses in the accused's favor in accordance with the Sixth Amendment

	Individual:	Hornberger, Jacob G.	President of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	Fourth Circuit Moussaoui Ruling Is a Loss for the Constitution Discusses the rulings of a three-judge panel of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals on the case of Zacarias Moussaoui, with respect to compelling witnesses in the accused's favor in accordance with the Sixth Amendment

	Topic:	Trial by jury	A criminal and civil trial presented and decided by a group of lay people
		Reference	Amendment VI to the U.S. Constitution
			Amendment VII to the U.S. Constitution
		Articles	Fourth Circuit Moussaoui Ruling Is a Loss for the Constitution Discusses the rulings of a three-judge panel of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals on the case of Zacarias Moussaoui, with respect to compelling witnesses in the accused's favor in accordance with the Sixth Amendment

21 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Eminent domain	The assumed power of governments to take private property for public use
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	Eminent Domain A local government official speaking to a homeowner; commentary at the start of Supreme Court arguments in Kelo v. City of New London
			Eminent Domain Ruling A Supreme Court judge speaking to a homeowner; commentary after the Kelo v. City of New London Supreme Court decision
			Eminent Domain Comment on the Kelo v. City of New London Supreme Court decision
			Herbie Fully Loaded Commentary on the Kelo v. City of New London Supreme Court decision, parodying the contemporaneous film

20 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Eminent domain	The assumed power of governments to take private property for public use
		Cartoons and Comic Strips	Eminent Domination Animated cartoon reflecting on the Kelo v. City of New London Supreme Court decision
		Books	Takings: Private Property and the Power of Eminent Domain Partial contents: Philosophical Preliminaries - Hobbesian Man, Lockean World - Takings Prima Facie - Justifications for Takings - Public Use and Just Compensation - Explicit Compensation - Implicit In-Kind Compensation - Tort - Regulation - Taxation

	Individual:	Epstein, Richard	Professor of law at the University of Chicago
		Books Authored	Takings: Private Property and the Power of Eminent Domain Partial contents: Philosophical Preliminaries - Hobbesian Man, Lockean World - Takings Prima Facie - Justifications for Takings - Public Use and Just Compensation - Explicit Compensation - Implicit In-Kind Compensation - Tort - Regulation - Taxation

19 Jan 2026
	Place:	Australia	The smallest continent, its territory is ruled since 1942 by the Monarchy of Australia
		Reviews	A Man's Home Is His Castle Review of the Australian comedic movie The Castle (1997) and its main theme: eminent domain

	Topic:	Bill of Rights, United States	First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Work:	Castle, The	1997 movie about a family fighting for their home against corporate and government interests
		Reviews	A Man's Home Is His Castle Review of the Australian comedic movie The Castle (1997) and its main theme: eminent domain

	Topic:	Democracy	Form of government where the power is exercised directly or indirectly by a majority of the citizens
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Topic:	Eminent domain	The assumed power of governments to take private property for public use
		Reviews	A Man's Home Is His Castle Review of the Australian comedic movie The Castle (1997) and its main theme: eminent domain

	Individual:	Hayek, F. A.	Economist, cowinner of the 1974 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Individual:	Hume, David	18th century Scottish philosopher
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Topic:	Inflation	Popularly, a rise in prices of goods and services; in economics, monetary expansion
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Topic:	Law	Set of rules and guidelines intended to influence social behavior
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Topic:	Liberty, Individual	Enjoyment by individuals of social, political and economic rights
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Individual:	Locke, John	English philosopher, author of Two Treatises of Government (1689)
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Individual:	McElroy, Wendy	Author, individualist feminist
		Reviews authored	A Man's Home Is His Castle Review of the Australian comedic movie The Castle (1997) and its main theme: eminent domain

	Individual:	Mill, John Stuart	British philosopher and economist, author of On Liberty (1859)
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Individual:	Smith, Adam	Economist and philosopher, author of The Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Individual:	Spencer, Herbert	Philosopher, sociologist and anthropologist, author of Social Statics (1851) and The Man Versus the State (1884)
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

	Place:	United States	Territory in central and northwest North America, ruled since 1788 by the United States of America
		Book chapters	Liberalism Chapter 9; originally written in 1973 and also published in Italian in Enciclopedia del Novecento (1978); covers both the history of both strands of liberalism as well as a systematic description of the "classical" or "evolutionary" type

16 Jan 2026
	Individual:	Bovard, James	Author, controversial Washington journalist
		Writings	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Individual:	Bush, George W.	Forty-third president of the United States
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Place:	California	The Golden State
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Place:	Connecticut	The Constitution State - ratified Constitution 9 Jan 1788
		Articles	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Topic:	Constitution, United States	The supreme law of the United States of America
		Articles	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Topic:	Eminent domain	The assumed power of governments to take private property for public use
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners
			The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Articles	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Place:	Illinois	The Prairie State
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Place:	Michigan	The Wolverine State
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Place:	New York City	The Big Apple
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Topic:	Private Property	Ownership of assets by individuals or non-governmental legal entities
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Individual:	Rothbard, Murray N.	Economist of the Austrian School, author of Man, Economy, and State (1962) and For a New Liberty (1973)
		Articles	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Topic:	Taxation	Compulsory contributions demanded by governments from individuals and other entities
		Articles	The Supreme Court Repeals the Constitution Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Kelo v. City of New London (2005), with emphasis on the dissenting opinions of O'Connor and Thomas

	Place:	Washington, D.C.	The Nation's Capital
		Articles	Political Plundering of Property Owners Details the effects of local government land and property seizures allegedly for urban renewal purposes, for improving "blighted" neighborhoods or for the benefit of sports team owners

15 Jan 2026
	Topic:	Business	Commercial activities that provide goods and services
		Articles	More Victims of Immigration Control Discusses how, aside from the actual immigrants, American employers and particularly property owners along the United States-Mexico border are also victims of U.S. immigration controls, in the government's attempt to build a fence along the border
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Group:	Cato Institute	Libertarian public policy research and advocacy foundation in Washington, DC
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling

	Place:	Connecticut	The Constitution State - ratified Constitution 9 Jan 1788
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling

	Topic:	Eminent domain	The assumed power of governments to take private property for public use
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling
			"Liberal" Court Okays Eminent Domain Abuse Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court 5-4 decision, in favor of the defendants, in Kelo v. City of New London
			More Victims of Immigration Control Discusses how, aside from the actual immigrants, American employers and particularly property owners along the United States-Mexico border are also victims of U.S. immigration controls, in the government's attempt to build a fence along the border
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Individual:	Epstein, Richard	Professor of law at the University of Chicago
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling

	Topic:	Government	The group of people that exercises authority over a country or other political subdivision
		Articles	"Liberal" Court Okays Eminent Domain Abuse Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court 5-4 decision, in favor of the defendants, in Kelo v. City of New London
			More Victims of Immigration Control Discusses how, aside from the actual immigrants, American employers and particularly property owners along the United States-Mexico border are also victims of U.S. immigration controls, in the government's attempt to build a fence along the border
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Group:	Justice, Institute for	Public interest law firm founded by Chip Mellor and Clint Bolick
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling

	Topic:	Licensing, Occupational	Laws and regulations that limit entry into or continued exercise of a particular occupation
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Place:	Ohio	The Buckeye State
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling

	Topic:	Private Property	Ownership of assets by individuals or non-governmental legal entities
		Articles	More Victims of Immigration Control Discusses how, aside from the actual immigrants, American employers and particularly property owners along the United States-Mexico border are also victims of U.S. immigration controls, in the government's attempt to build a fence along the border

	Individual:	Richman, Sheldon	Executive editor of The Libertarian Institute, former editor of The Freeman and former vice president of the Future of Freedom Foundation
		Writings	More Victims of Immigration Control Discusses how, aside from the actual immigrants, American employers and particularly property owners along the United States-Mexico border are also victims of U.S. immigration controls, in the government's attempt to build a fence along the border

	Individual:	Roosevelt, Franklin D.	Thirty-second president of the United States
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Topic:	Taxation	Compulsory contributions demanded by governments from individuals and other entities
		Articles	An End to Eminent Domain Abuse? Published just two months before the unfortunate Kelo v. City of New London U.S. Supreme Court decision, expresses hope that the court would rectify the 1954 Berman v. Parker ruling
			"Liberal" Court Okays Eminent Domain Abuse Discusses the U.S. Supreme Court 5-4 decision, in favor of the defendants, in Kelo v. City of New London

	Place:	Vietnam	Territory in southeast Asia, ruled since 1976 by the Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
		Measures of Freedom	Vietnam: Country Profile Status: Not Free, Aggregate Score: 20/100, Political Rights: 4/40, Civil Liberties: 16/60

	Topic:	World War I	The "Great War", European conflict from 1914 to 1918 that extended to include the United States and some Asian and African nations
		Reviews	The Federal Ripoff Review of The Big Ripoff: How Big Business and Big Government Steal Your Money (2006) by Timothy P. Carney

	Place:	Yemen	Territory in the southern Arabian Peninsula, ruled since 1990 by the al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah
		Measures of Freedom	Yemen: Country Profile Status: Not Free, Aggregate Score: 10/100, Political Rights: 1/40, Civil Liberties: 9/60

	Place:	Zimbabwe	Territory in southern Africa, ruled since 1980 by the Republic of Zimbabwe
		Measures of Freedom	Zimbabwe: Country Profile Status: Not Free, Aggregate Score: 26/100, Political Rights: 9/40, Civil Liberties: 17/60